MODAL VERBS

Apakah Modal Verbs itu?

Modals (juga disebut modal verbs, modal auxiliary verbs, modal auxiliaries) adalah kata kerja yang spesial yang perlakuannya tidak tentu/berubah-ubah. Fungsi utamanya adalah memberi tambahan penjelasan pada kata kerja utama. Selain itu Modals juga punya beragam fungsi komunikatif.

Penggunaannya:

Modal verbs digunakan untuk mengekspresikan fungsi:

1. Permission - izin
2. Ability - kemampuan
3. Obligation - kewajiban
4. Prohibition - larangan
5. Lack of necessity – kurang perlu
6. Advice - saran
7. Possibility – kemungkinan/tidak mustahil
8. Probability – kemungkinan/iya atau tidak

Ingat!!

Modal verbs diikuti verba dasar tanpa “to”

Contoh

1. You must stop when the traffic lights turn red
2. You should see to the doctor
3. There are a lot of tomatoes in the fridge. You need not buy any.

Pengecualian:

• You ought to go to the doctor

Ini lho, contoh-contoh Modals

Modal Verb	Meaning	Expressing	Example
must	to have to	100 % obligation	I must stop when the traffic lights turn red.
	to be very probable	logical conclusion (deduction)	He must be very tired after such enormous work
must not	not to be allowed to	prohibition	You must not smoke in the hospital.
can	to be able to	ability	I can swim
	to be allowed to	permission	Can I use your phone please?
	it is possible	possibility	Smoking can cause cancer !
could	to be able to	ability in the past	When I was younger I could stay up all night and not get tired..
	to be allowed to	more polite permission	Excuse me, could I just say something?
	it is possible	possibility	It could rain tomorrow!
may	to be allowed to	permission	May I use your phone please?
	it is possible, probable	possibility, probability	It may rain tomorrow!
might	to be allowed to	more polite permission	Might I use your phone please?
	it is possible, probable	weak possibility, probability	I might come and visit you in America next year, if I can save enough money.
need	necessary	necessity	Need I say more?
need not	not necessary	lack of necessity/abcense of obligation	I need not buy any tomatoes. There are plenty in the fridge.
should/ought to	used to say or ask what is the correct or best thing to do	50 % obligation	I should / ought to see a doctor. I have a terrible headache.
	to suggest an action or to show that it is necessary	Advice	You should / ought to revise your lessons
	to be very probable	logical conclusion (deduction)	He should / ought to be very tired after such enormous work
had better	to suggest an action or to show that it is necessary	Advice	You 'd better revise your lessons

Latihan 1: Tambahkan ‘to’ bila perlu. Jika tidak, tuliskan Ø di bagian yang kosong.

1. I have to__ go___ downtown tomorrow.

2. Tam can __Ø___ play soccer.

3. Could you please __________ open the window?

4. The students must _________ learn all of the irregular verbs.

5. Sally has _______ do her history report tonight.

6. I think you should ________ take better care of yourself.

7. I ought ______ go to the post office this afternoon.

8. Would you ________speak more slowly please?

9. We may ________ go to Argentina for our vacation.

10. Will youplease _____ mail this letter for me?